This paper explores current and potential future use of fast charging stations for electric passenger vehicles. The aim of the paper is to analyse current charging patterns at fast charging stations and the role of fast charging among different charging options. These patterns are explored along the lines of the technical capabilities of the vehicles and it is found that with increasing battery capacity the need for fast charging decreases. However, for those vehicles with large charging capacities there are indications that fast charging is perceived as more convenient as these are used more often. Such results indicate a larger share for fast charging if charging capacities increase in the future. Results from a spatial analysis show that most fast charging is done at a considerable distance from home, suggesting mostly ‘on the road’ charging sessions. Some fast charging sessions are relatively close to home, especially for those without private home charging access. This shows some future potential for fast charging in cities with many on-street parking facilities.
This paper explores current and potential future use of fast charging stations for electric passenger vehicles. The aim of the paper is to analyse current charging patterns at fast charging stations and the role of fast charging among different charging options. These patterns are explored along the lines of the technical capabilities of the vehicles and it is found that with increasing battery capacity the need for fast charging decreases. However, for those vehicles with large charging capacities there are indications that fast charging is perceived as more convenient as these are used more often. Such results indicate a larger share for fast charging if charging capacities increase in the future. Results from a spatial analysis show that most fast charging is done at a considerable distance from home, suggesting mostly ‘on the road’ charging sessions. Some fast charging sessions are relatively close to home, especially for those without private home charging access. This shows some future potential for fast charging in cities with many on-street parking facilities.
The demand for the transport of goods within the city is rising and with that the number of vans driving around. This has adverse effects on air quality, noise, safety and liveability in the city. LEFVs (Light Electric Freight Vehicles) offer a potential solution for this. There is already a lot of enthusiasm for the LEFVs and several companies have started offering the vehicles. Still many companies are hesitating to start and experience. New knowledge is needed of logistics concepts for the application of LEFVs. This paper shows the outcomes of eight case studies about what is needed to successfully deploy LEFVs for city logistics.
As electric loads in residential areas increase as a result of developments in the areas of electric vehicles, heat pumps and solar panels, among others, it is becoming increasingly likely that problems will develop in the electricity distribution grid. This research will analyse different solutions to such problems to determine Using a model developed as part of this project, we will simulate various cases to determine under which circumstances load balancing at a community-level is more (cost) effective than alternative solutions (e.g. grid reinforcement and/or household batteries).
Economic and environmental sustainability are the two main drivers behind today’s logistics innovation. On the one hand, Industry 4.0 technologies are leading towards self-organizing logistics by enabling autonomous vehicles, which can significantly make logistics transport efficient. Detailed impact analysis of autonomous vehicles in repetitive, short-distance inter-hub transport in logistics hubs like XL Business park is presently being investigated in KIEM project STEERS. On the other hand, the zero-emission technology (such as battery electric) can complement the autonomous logistics transport in making such a logistics hub climate-neutral. In such a scenario, an automatic vehicle charging environment (i.e., charging infrastructure and energy supply) for autonomous electric vehicles will play a crucial role in maximizing the overall operational efficiency and sustainability by reducing the average idle time of both vehicles and charging infrastructure. The project INGENIOUS explores an innovative idea for presenting a sustainable and environment-friendly solution for meeting the energy demand and supply for autonomous electric vehicles in a logistics hub. It will develop and propose an intelligent charging environment for operating autonomous electric vehicles in XL Business park by considering its real-life settings and operational demand. The project combines the knowledge of education and research institutes (Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen and The University of Twente), industry partners (HyET Solar Netherlands BV, Distribute, Bolk Container Transport and Combi Terminal Twente), and public institutes (XL Business Park, Port of Twente, Regio Twente and Industriepark Kleefse Waard). The project results will form a sound basis for developing a real-life demonstrator in the XL Business park in the subsequent RAAK Pro SAVED project. A detailed case study for Industriepark Kleefse Waard will also be carried out to showcase the broader applicability of the INGENIOUS concept.
Welke kennis over ‘het delen van LEV’s’ is nodig voor een waardevolle bijdrage aan de ontwikkeling van dit kennisdomein ten behoeve van de markt? Dit plan beschrijft de wijze waarop een kennisagenda rondom het delen van Light Electric Vehicles, ofwel LEV’s, wordt opgesteld. Uiteindelijk doel is een aanzet te maken voor het opzetten van een kenniscentrum voor het delen van LEV’s. Elektrische brommobielen, elektrische stepjes en voertuigjes voor elektrische stadsdistributie. Alle vallen ze onder de noemer Light Electric Vehicle, ofwel LEV. Vanwege hun compacte formaat, lichte bouw en duurzame aandrijving zijn ze zeer geschikt om problemen rondom uitstoot en bereikbaarheid op te lossen. Beperkte kennis over de beschikbaarheid, toepassingsmogelijkheden en regelgeving zorgt ervoor dat de toepassing van dit type voertuig achterblijft bij het potentieel. Een maatregel die veel wordt gehanteerd om duurzaamheid en bereikbaarheid te garanderen is deelmobiliteit. Het delen van voertuigen zorgt voor minder verkeersoverlast en zorgt ervoor dat mensen alternatieven kiezen voor hun eigen auto. Zeker in deze coronacrisis blijkt deelmobiliteit een aangenaam alternatief voor het openbaar vervoer. Deelvervoer wordt echter veelal verpakt in bestaande auto’s, terwijl deze daar niet per definitie geschikt voor zijn. LEV’s hebben de potentie om een goed alternatief te bieden voor bestaande deelauto’s, maar ook voor voertuigen die vanwege hun formaat, uitstoot of geluid niet passen in leefbare woongebieden. Op basis van een opgestelde kennisagenda verzamelt het Kenniscentrum voor LEV kennis en informatie over LEV’s en delen. Het helpt overheden, marktpartijen en gebruikers kennis te vergaren over LEV en het delen ervan. Zo geeft het Kenniscentrum inzicht in het ware potentieel van deze voertuigcategorie.
