Reversed-phase HPLC with mass spectrometric and diode array detection as well as some literature data were used to reveal the individual types of solutes in anthocyanin complexes of tulip flower petals that are responsible for tulip flower petals coloration of the samples available in the local flower market. It has been found that the main components of the complexes are 3-rutinosides and their 2”’ and 3”’ acylated with acetic acid derivatives of the three anthocyanidins - delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin in the color dependent ratios, though trace quantities of 3-glucosides were found in some cases. For the anthocyanin structure confirmation a correlation analysis of solute retentions of cyanidin or pelargonidin derivatives vs that of delphinidin was proposed based upon equivalence of structures alteration in the solute pairs for each series. The specificity of solutes retention modes was revealed by relative retention analysis, the trend parameters reflected particularities of chromatographic behavior as well as that of electron spectra of the solutes. The difference of acylated anthocyanins retentions was proposed to disclose the conformation states of solutes in the sorbent interface.
The anthocyanin composition of five purple leaves cultivars of Ocimum basilicum L. was investigated by reversed-phase HPLC with mass-spectrometric detection by ESI mode with ion partial fragmentation as well as preparation of dried differently colored forms of anthocyanins encapsulated into maltodextrinmatrix. Analysis of the mass spectra revealed that according to the chromatographic profile the set of basil cultivar anthocyanins under investigation may be divided into two groups with the common feature being ahigh level of acylation with (mainly) p-coumaric, ferulic and malonic acids of the same base: cyanidin-3-dihexoside-5-hexoside. The presence of acylation with substituted cinnamic acids permits us to obtain solutions not only with a red color (the property of the flavylium form) but also with blue shades of coloration due to quinonoid and negatively charged quinonoid forms. All forms except that of flavylium are not stable in solution but stable enough to prepare dried encapsulated forms by lyophilization. Although the loss of anthocyaninswith drying is not negligible, the final product is characterized with high stability for storage in a refrigerator.
Traces of condom lubricants in fingerprints can be valuable information in cases of sexual assault. Ideally, not only confirmation of the presence of the condom but also determination of the type of condom brand used can be retrieved. Previous studies have shown to be able to retrieve information about the condom brand and type from fingerprints containing lubricants using various analytical techniques. However, in practice fingerprints often appear latent and need to be detected first, which is often achieved by cyanoacrylate fuming. In this study, we developed a desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) method which, combined with principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA), allows for high accuracy classification of condom brands and types from fingerprints containing condom lubricant traces. The developed method is compatible with cyanoacrylate (CA) fuming. We collected and analyzed a representative dataset for the Netherlands comprising 32 different condoms. Distinctive lubricant components such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), octoxynol-9 and nonoxynol-9 were readily detected using the DESI-MS method. Based on the analysis of lubricant spots, a 99.0% classification accuracy was achieved. When analyzing lubricant containing fingerprints, an overall accuracy of 90.9% was obtained. Full chemical images could be generated from fingerprints, showing the distribution of lubricant components such as PEG and PDMS throughout the fingerprint, while still allowing for classification. The developed method shows potential for the development of DESI-MS based analyses of CA treated exogenous compounds from fingerprints for use in forensic science.
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