Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology which is increasingly being utilised in society and the economy worldwide, but there is much disquiet over problematic and dangerous implementations of AI, or indeed even AI itself deciding to do dangerous and problematic actions. These developments have led to concerns about whether and how AI systems currently adhere to and will adhere to ethical standards, stimulating a global and multistakeholder conversation on AI ethics and the production of AI governance initiatives. Such developments form the basis for this chapter, where we give an insight into what is happening in Australia, China, the European Union, India and the United States. We commence with some background to the AI ethics and regulation debates, before proceedings to give an overview of what is happening in different countries and regions, namely Australia, China, the European Union (including national level activities in Germany), India and the United States. We provide an analysis of these country profiles, with particular emphasis on the relationship between ethics and law in each location. Overall we find that AI governance and ethics initiatives are most developed in China and the European Union, but the United States has been catching up in the last eighteen months.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology which is increasingly being utilised in society and the economy worldwide, but there is much disquiet over problematic and dangerous implementations of AI, or indeed even AI itself deciding to do dangerous and problematic actions. These developments have led to concerns about whether and how AI systems currently adhere to and will adhere to ethical standards, stimulating a global and multistakeholder conversation on AI ethics and the production of AI governance initiatives. Such developments form the basis for this chapter, where we give an insight into what is happening in Australia, China, the European Union, India and the United States. We commence with some background to the AI ethics and regulation debates, before proceedings to give an overview of what is happening in different countries and regions, namely Australia, China, the European Union (including national level activities in Germany), India and the United States. We provide an analysis of these country profiles, with particular emphasis on the relationship between ethics and law in each location. Overall we find that AI governance and ethics initiatives are most developed in China and the European Union, but the United States has been catching up in the last eighteen months.
In the context of the designers responsibility for the impact of technology, ethical considerations are important. However, these considerations are often seen as limiting innovation and the freedom of the designer. Is it possible, on the contrary, that ethics can also foster creativity in design? The research project Tech-Wise is about a practice oriented approach in ethics; developing tools to engage people with ethical deliberation on the impact of technology. One result of the project is a workshop format for stimulating ethical deliberation that can be tailored to particular technologies and design disciplines. We argue from the results of one particular instance of this workshop format that such an approach to ethics has a fruitful reciprocal effect. It can stimulate creativity in design by enriching the question about the purpose of an innovation, and the other way around enrich ethical reasoning by opening up to often surprising impacts of technologies.
MULTIFILE
'The Data Tales' is een langdurig samenwerkingsverband van onderzoekers en bedrijven die samen projecten uitvoeren en vragen beantwoorden als: hoe kan data ons helpen de relatie met klanten te verbeteren en hoe beschermen we privacy van de klant als we die klant ook beter van dienst zijn willen zijn met data technieken?Doel The Data Tales consortium wil bedrijven helpen om beter met hun klanten om te gaan. Want als bedrijven naar hun klanten luisteren, versterken ze hun band. Techniek biedt allerlei opties om sneller, gerichter en zinvoller te reageren op de behoeften van klanten. Daarbij moeten de toon, inhoud en presentatie van de boodschap aansluiten bij de geadresseerde. Het doel van The Data Tales is om samen met onderwijs, bedrijven en technologie-ontwikkelaars te werken aan technieken om direct inzicht te geven in hoe hun klanten de interactie met organisaties ervaren. Daarbij wordt altijd gewerkt volgens het principe 'ethics by design' Resultaten Consortium The Data Tales vormde de basis voor het KIEM-project, VERBIND. Dat staat voor verantwoorde, belevingsgerichte interactie op basis van data-analyse. VERBIND brengt meerdere invalshoeken samen. We kijken niet alleen naar wat technisch mogelijk is bij dataverzameling, maar ook naar ethische keuzes die bedrijven maken. Op thedatatales.org lees je meer over het project VERBIND. Looptijd 01 januari 2018 - 31 december 2020 Aanpak In het Data Tales consortium komen de volgende vakgebieden samen: Customer Journey & marketing Data Science, waaronder process mining, text mining en andere vormen van data mining Recht en Ethiek, waaronder AVG Gedragswetenschappen ICT
'The Data Tales' is een langdurig samenwerkingsverband van onderzoekers en bedrijven die samen projecten uitvoeren en vragen beantwoorden als: hoe kan data ons helpen de relatie met klanten te verbeteren en hoe beschermen we privacy van de klant als we die klant ook beter van dienst zijn willen zijn met data technieken?Doel The Data Tales consortium wil bedrijven helpen om beter met hun klanten om te gaan. Want als bedrijven naar hun klanten luisteren, versterken ze hun band. Techniek biedt allerlei opties om sneller, gerichter en zinvoller te reageren op de behoeften van klanten. Daarbij moeten de toon, inhoud en presentatie van de boodschap aansluiten bij de geadresseerde. Het doel van The Data Tales is om samen met onderwijs, bedrijven en technologie-ontwikkelaars te werken aan technieken om direct inzicht te geven in hoe hun klanten de interactie met organisaties ervaren. Daarbij wordt altijd gewerkt volgens het principe 'ethics by design' Resultaten Consortium The Data Tales vormde de basis voor het KIEM-project, VERBIND. Dat staat voor verantwoorde, belevingsgerichte interactie op basis van data-analyse. VERBIND brengt meerdere invalshoeken samen. We kijken niet alleen naar wat technisch mogelijk is bij dataverzameling, maar ook naar ethische keuzes die bedrijven maken. Op thedatatales.org lees je meer over het project VERBIND. Looptijd 01 januari 2018 - 31 december 2020 Aanpak In het Data Tales consortium komen de volgende vakgebieden samen: Customer Journey & marketing Data Science, waaronder process mining, text mining en andere vormen van data mining Recht en Ethiek, waaronder AVG Gedragswetenschappen ICT
The project aims to improve palliative care in China through the competence development of Chinese teachers, professionals, and students focusing on the horizontal priority of digital transformation.Palliative care (PC) has been recognised as a public health priority, and during recent years, has seen advances in several aspects. However, severe inequities in the access and availability of PC worldwide remain. Annually, approximately 56.8 million people need palliative care, where 25.7% of the care focuses on the last year of person’s life (Connor, 2020).China has set aims for reaching the health care standards of the developed countries by 2030 through the Healthy China Strategy 2030, where one of the improvement areas in health care includes palliative care, thus continuing the previous efforts.The project provides a constructive, holistic, and innovative set of actions aimed at resulting in lasting outcomes and continued development of palliative care education and services. Raising the awareness of all stakeholders on palliative care, including the public, is highly relevant and needed. Evidence based practice guidelines and education are urgently required for both general and specialised palliative care levels, to increase the competencies for health educators, professionals, and students. This is to improve the availability and quality of person-centered palliative care in China. Considering the aging population, increase in various chronic illnesses, the challenging care environment, and the moderate health care resources, competence development and the utilisation of digitalisation in palliative care are paramount in supporting the transition of experts into the palliative care practice environment.General objective of the project is to enhance the competences in palliative care in China through education and training to improve the quality of life for citizens. Project develops the competences of current and future health care professionals in China to transform the palliative care theory and practice to impact the target groups and the society in the long-term. As recognised by the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC), palliative care competences need to be developed in collaboration. This includes shared willingness to learn from each other to improve the sought outcomes in palliative care (EAPC 2019). Since all individuals have a right to health care, project develops person-centered and culturally sensitive practices taking into consideration ethics and social norms. As concepts around palliative care can focus on physical, psychological, social, or spiritual related illnesses (WHO 2020), project develops innovative pedagogy focusing on evidence-based practice, communication, and competence development utilising digital methods and tools. Concepts of reflection, values and views are in the forefront to improve palliative care for the future. Important aspects in project development include health promotion, digital competences and digital health literacy skills of professionals, patients, and their caregivers. Project objective is tied to the principles of the European Commission’s (EU) Digital Decade that stresses the importance of placing people and their rights in the forefront of the digital transformation, while enhancing solidarity, inclusion, freedom of choice and participation. In addition, concepts of safety, security, empowerment, and the promotion of sustainable actions are valued. (European Commission: Digital targets for 2030).Through the existing collaboration, strategic focus areas of the partners, and the principles of the call, the PalcNet project consortium was formed by the following partners: JAMK University of Applied Sciences (JAMK ), Ramon Llull University (URL), Hanze University of Applied Sciences (HUAS), Beijing Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Guangzhou Health Science College (GHSC), Beihua University (BHU), and Harbin Medical University (HMU). As project develops new knowledge, innovations and practice through capacity building, finalisation of the consortium considered partners development strategy regarding health care, (especially palliative care), ability to create long-term impact, including the focus on enhancing higher education according to the horizontal priority. In addition, partners’ expertise and geographical location was also considered important to facilitate long-term impact of the results.Primary target groups of the project include partner country’s (China) staff members, teachers, researchers, health care professionals and bachelor level students engaging in project implementation. Secondary target groups include those groups who will use the outputs and results and continue in further development in palliative care upon the lifetime of the project.
