A series of new, easily synthesized C60-fullerene derivatives is introduced that allow for optimization of the interactions between rr-P3HT and the fullerene by systematic variation of the size of the ester group. Two compounds gave overall cell efficiencies of 4.8%, clearly outperforming [60]PCBM which gives 4.3% under identical conditions.
Currently the advances in the field of 3D printing are causing a revolution in the (bio-)medical field. With applications ranging from patient-specific anatomical models for surgical preparation to prosthetic limbs and even scaffolds for tissue engineering, the possibilities seem endless. Today, the most widely used method is FDM printing. However, there is still a limited range of biodegradable and biocompatible materials available. Moreover, printed implants like for instance cardiovascular stents require higher resolution than is possible to reach with FDM. High resolution is crucial to avoid e.g. bacterial growth and aid to mechanical strength of the implant. For this reason, it would be interesting to consider stereolithography as alternative to FDM for applications in the (bio-) medical field. Stereolithography uses photopolymerizable resins to make high resolution prints. Because the amount of commercially available resins is limited and hardly biocompatible, here we investigate the possibility of using acrylates and vinylesters in an effort to expand the existing arsenal of biocompatible resins. Mechanical properties are tailorable by varying the crosslink density and by varying the spacer length. To facilitate rapid production of high-resolution prints we use masked SLA (mSLA) as an alternative to conventional SLA. mSLA cures an entire layer at a time and therefore uses less time to complete a print than conventional SLA. Additionally, with mSLA it takes the same time to make 10 prints as it would to make only one. Several formulations were prepared and tested for printability and mechanical strength.
MULTIFILE
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) form a highly promising class of bioplastics for the transition from fossil fuel-based plastics to bio-renewable and biodegradable plastics. Mixed microbial consortia (MMC) are known to be able to produce PHAs from organic waste streams. Knowledge of key-microbes and their characteristics in PHA-producing consortia is necessary for further process optimization and direction towards synthesis of specific types of PHAs. In this study, a PHA-producing mixed microbial consortium (MMC) from an industrial pilot plant was characterized and further enriched on acetate in a laboratory-scale selector with a working volume of 5 L. 16S-rDNA microbiological population analysis of both the industrial pilot plant and the 5 L selector revealed that the most dominant species within the population is Thauera aminoaromatica MZ1T, a Gram-negative beta-proteobacterium belonging to the order of the Rhodocyclales. The relative abundance of this Thauera species increased from 24 to 40% after two months of enrichment in the selector-system, indicating a competitive advantage, possibly due to the storage of a reserve material such as PHA. First experiments with T. aminoaromatica MZ1T showed multiple intracellular granules when grown in pure culture on a growth medium with a C:N ratio of 10:1 and acetate as a carbon source. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses upon extraction of PHA from the pure culture confirmed polyhydroxybutyrate production by T. aminoaromatica MZ1T.
LINK
In this proposal, a consortium of knowledge institutes (wo, hbo) and industry aims to carry out the chemical re/upcycling of polyamides and polyurethanes by means of an ammonolysis, a depolymerisation reaction using ammonia (NH3). The products obtained are then purified from impurities and by-products, and in the case of polyurethanes, the amines obtained are reused for resynthesis of the polymer. In the depolymerisation of polyamides, the purified amides are converted to the corresponding amines by (in situ) hydrogenation or a Hofmann rearrangement, thereby forming new sources of amine. Alternatively, the amides are hydrolysed toward the corresponding carboxylic acids and reused in the repolymerisation towards polyamides. The above cycles are particularly suitable for end-of-life plastic streams from sorting installations that are not suitable for mechanical/chemical recycling. Any loss of material is compensated for by synthesis of amines from (mixtures of) end-of-life plastics and biomass (organic waste streams) and from end-of-life polyesters (ammonolysis). The ammonia required for depolymerisation can be synthesised from green hydrogen (Haber-Bosch process).By closing carbon cycles (high carbon efficiency) and supplementing the amines needed for the chain from biomass and end-of-life plastics, a significant CO2 saving is achieved as well as reduction in material input and waste. The research will focus on a number of specific industrially relevant cases/chains and will result in economically, ecologically (including safety) and socially acceptable routes for recycling polyamides and polyurethanes. Commercialisation of the results obtained are foreseen by the companies involved (a.o. Teijin and Covestro). Furthermore, as our project will result in a wide variety of new and drop-in (di)amines from sustainable sources, it will increase the attractiveness to use these sustainable monomers for currently prepared and new polyamides and polyurethanes. Also other market applications (pharma, fine chemicals, coatings, electronics, etc.) are foreseen for the sustainable amines synthesized within our proposition.
Goal: In 2030 the availability of high quality and fit-for-purpose recycled plastics has been significantly increased by implementation of InReP’s main result: Development of technologies in sorting, mechanical and chemical recycling that make high quality recycled plastics available for the two dominating polymer types; polyolefins (PE/PP) and PET. Results: Our integrated approach in the recycling of plastics will result in systemic (R1) and technological solutions for sorting & washing of plastic waste (R2), mechanical (R3) and chemical recycling (R4, R6) and upcycling (R5, R7) of polyolefins (PE & PP) and polyesters (PET). The obtained knowledge on the production of high quality recycled plastics can easily be transferred to the recycling of other plastic waste streams. Furthermore, our project aims to progress several processes (optimized sorting and washing, mechanical recycling of PP/PE, glycolysis of PET, naphtha from PP/PE and preparation of valuable monomers from PP/PET) to prototype and/or improved performance at existing pilot facilities. Our initiative will boost the attractiveness of recycling, contribute to the circular transition (technical, social, economic), increase the competitiveness of companies involved within the consortium and encourage academic research and education within this field.
De recente toename in het aantal bedwantsen in de Westerse wereld leidt ertoe dat steeds meer mensen in contact komen met deze insecten. Vroege detectie is cruciaal voor een snelle bestrijding. Dit is echter lastig door de cryptische leefwijze van de bedwants, en vereist vaak destructieve maatregelen. In dit project onderzoeken HAS Hogeschool en BioMon of het haalbaar is om een bedwantsdetectiekit te ontwikkelen waarmee de aanwezigheid van bedwants DNA in ruimten bepaald kan worden door het nemen van een swab of stofzuigersample. Bovendien wordt onderzocht hoe dit product en deze dienst efficiënt op de markt gezet kan worden.
