The primary objective of this article is to study whether an assessment instrument specifically designed to assess speech motor control on word level productions would be able to add differential diagnostic speech characteristics between people who clutter and people who stutter. It was hypothesized that cluttering is a fluency disorder in which speech motor control on word level is disturbed in high speech rate, resulting in errors in flow of speech and sequencing. An assessment instrument on speech motor coordination on word level was developed and validated. In an elicitation procedure, repetitions of complex multi-syllabic words at a fast speech rate were obtained from 47 dysfluent participants (mean age 24.3; SD 10.25, range 14.2–47.4 yrs) and 327 controls (mean age 25.56 yrs; SD 8.49; age range 14.3–50.1). Speech production was judged on articulatory accuracy, smooth-flow (coarticulation, flow and sequencing) and articulatory rate. Results from people who clutter (PWC) and people who stutter (PWS) were compared to normative data based on control group data. PWC produced significantly more flow and sequencing errors compared to PWS. Further research is needed in order to study speech motor control in spontaneous speech of people who clutter.
The primary objective of this article is to study whether an assessment instrument specifically designed to assess speech motor control on word level productions would be able to add differential diagnostic speech characteristics between people who clutter and people who stutter. It was hypothesized that cluttering is a fluency disorder in which speech motor control on word level is disturbed in high speech rate, resulting in errors in flow of speech and sequencing. An assessment instrument on speech motor coordination on word level was developed and validated. In an elicitation procedure, repetitions of complex multi-syllabic words at a fast speech rate were obtained from 47 dysfluent participants (mean age 24.3; SD 10.25, range 14.2–47.4 yrs) and 327 controls (mean age 25.56 yrs; SD 8.49; age range 14.3–50.1). Speech production was judged on articulatory accuracy, smooth-flow (coarticulation, flow and sequencing) and articulatory rate. Results from people who clutter (PWC) and people who stutter (PWS) were compared to normative data based on control group data. PWC produced significantly more flow and sequencing errors compared to PWS. Further research is needed in order to study speech motor control in spontaneous speech of people who clutter.
Het adviesrapport onderzoekt hoe het vervoersgedrag van dagbezoekers in Zwolle kan worden verduurzaamd, met name door het gebruik van de auto te verminderen en het openbaar vervoer aantrekkelijker te maken. In opdracht van de gemeente Zwolle werd kwalitatief en kwantitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd, waarbij bestaande data en interviews werden geanalyseerd. Het rapport identificeert de belangrijkste factoren die bepalen waarom 75% van de bezoekers de auto verkiest, zoals comfort, snelheid, en flexibiliteit. Aanbevelingen omvatten het verbeteren van de kwaliteit van informatie, effectieve marketing, en de ontwikkeling van mobiliteitshubs. Daarnaast wordt voorgesteld om bewustwordingscampagnes te lanceren, samenwerkingen te bevorderen voor kortingen, en parkeertarieven te verhogen om autogebruik te ontmoedigen. Een geïntegreerde aanpak is essentieel om zowel gedragsverandering als structurele aanpassingen te realiseren en zo de duurzaamheidsdoelstellingen van de stad te behalen.
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