Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) is effective for trauma-related nightmares and is also a challenge to patients in finding access to their traumatic memories, because these are saved in non-verbal, visual, or audiovisual language. Art therapy (AT) is an experiential treatment that addresses images rather than words. This study investigates the possibility of an IRT-AT combination. Systematic literature review and field research was conducted, and the integration of theoretical and practice-based knowledge resulted in a framework for Imagery Rehearsal-based Art Therapy (IR-AT). The added value of AT in IRT appears to be more readily gaining access to traumatic experiences, living through feelings, and breaking through avoidance. Exposure and re-scripting take place more indirectly, experientially and sometimes in a playlike manner using art assignments and materials. In the artwork, imagination, play and fantasy offer creative space to stop the vicious circle of nightmares by changing theme, story line, ending, or any part of the dream into a more positive and acceptable one. IR-AT emerges as a promising method for treatment, and could be especially useful for patients who benefit least from verbal exposure techniques. This description of IR-AT offers a base for further research.
Many affective experiences and learning processes including attachment patterns from early developmental phases manifest during psychotherapy. The first 15 min in art therapy can potentially reveal clients’ preferred ways of processing information or Expressive Therapies Continuum components, attachment patterns in the material handling process, and emotion regulation strategies during art making. This article discusses how, through clients’ choice of materials and manner of interaction with those materials, information about attachment patterns and preferred emotion regulation is available in art therapy. Paying close attention to the first image and material interaction provides crucial information that will guide the goals and course of art therapy. Two case vignettes demonstrate that within the first 15 min of art therapy information is readily gathered about attachment styles, Expressive Therapies Continuum components, emotion regulation, and the course of art therapy.
Background: Art therapy (AT) is frequently offered to children and adolescents with psychosocial problems. AT is an experiential form of treatment in which the use of art materials, the process of creation in the presence and guidance of an art therapist, and the resulting artwork are assumed to contribute to the reduction of psychosocial problems. Although previous research reports positive effects, there is a lack of knowledge on which (combination of) art therapeutic components contribute to the reduction of psychosocial problems in children and adolescents. Method: A systematic narrative review was conducted to give an overview of AT interventions for children and adolescents with psychosocial problems. Fourteen databases and four electronic journals up to January 2020 were systematically searched. The applied means and forms of expression, therapist behavior, supposed mechanisms of change, and effects were extracted and coded. Results: Thirty-seven studies out of 1,299 studies met the inclusion criteria. This concerned 16 randomized controlled trials, eight controlled trials, and 13 single-group pre–post design studies. AT interventions for children and adolescents are characterized by a variety of materials/techniques, forms of structure such as giving topics or assignments, and the use of language. Three forms of therapist behavior were seen: non-directive, directive, and eclectic. All three forms of therapist behavior, in combination with a variety of means and forms of expression, showed significant effects on psychosocial problems. Conclusions: The results showed that the use of means and forms of expression and therapist behavior is applied flexibly. This suggests the responsiveness of AT, in which means and forms of expression and therapist behavior are applied to respond to the client's needs and circumstances, thereby giving positive results for psychosocial outcomes. For future studies, presenting detailed information on the potential beneficial effects of used therapeutic perspectives, means, art techniques, and therapist behavior is recommended to get a better insight into (un)successful art therapeutic elements.
The results will be consensus between departments of physiotherapy universities of allied health care about learning outcomes CommunicationThere is no consensus between Dutch Physiotherapy departments on learning outcome of bachelors
The main objective is to write a scientific paper in a peer-reviewed Open Access journal on the results of our feasibility study on increasing physical activity in home dwelling adults with chronic stroke. We feel this is important as this article aims to close a gap in the existing literature on behavioral interventions in physical therapy practice. Though our main target audience are other researchers, we feel clinical practice and current education on patients with stroke will benefit as well.
Alcoholgebruiksstoornis (AUD) is een groot probleem. Alleen al in de USA zijn er 15 miljoen mensen met een AUD en meer dan 950.000 Nederlanders drinkt overmatig. Wereldwijd is 3-8% van het aantal sterfgevallen en 5% van alle ziektes en letsels toe te schrijven aan AUD. Zorg staat voor uitdagingen. Zo krijgt meer dan de helft van de AUD-patiënten binnen een jaar na behandeling een terugval. Een oplossing hiervoor is de inzet van Cue-Exposure-Therapy (CET). Daarbij worden cliënten blootgesteld aan triggers d.m.v. objecten, mensen en omgevingen die zucht opwekken. Om op een realistische, veilige en gepersonaliseerde manier deze triggers te ervaren, wordt Virtual Reality ingezet (VRET). Op die manier worden coping-vaardigheden getraind om verlangen naar alcohol tegen te gaan. De effectiviteit van VRET is (klinisch) bewezen. De komst van AR-technologieën roept echter de vraag op om mogelijkheden van Augmented-Reality-Exposure-Therapy (ARET) te onderzoeken. ARET geniet dezelfde voordelen als VRET (zoals een realistische veilige ervaring). Maar omdat AR virtuele-componenten in de echte omgeving integreert, waarbij het lichaam zichtbaar is, roept het vermoedelijk een ander type ervaring op. Dit kan de ecologische validiteit van CET in de behandeling vergroten. Daarnaast is ARET goedkoper te ontwikkelen (minder virtuele elementen) en hebben cliënten/klinieken gemakkelijker toegang tot AR (via smartphone/tablet). Bovendien worden nieuwe AR-brillen ontwikkeld, die nadelen zoals een te klein smartphone-scherm oplossen. Ondanks de vraag vanuit behandelaars, is ARET nog nooit ontwikkeld en onderzocht rondom verslaving. In dit project wordt het eerste ARET-prototype ontwikkeld rondom AUD in de behandeling van alcoholverslaving. Het prototype wordt ontwikkeld op basis van Volumetric-Captured-Digital-Humans en toegankelijk gemaakt voor AR-brillen, tablets en smartphones. Het prototype wordt gebaseerd op RECOVRY, een door het consortium ontwikkelde VRET rondom AUD. Een prototype-test onder (ex)AUD-cliënten zal inzicht geven in behoeften en verbeterpunten vanuit patiënt en zorgverlener en in het effect van ARET in vergelijk met VRET.
