Businesses that can develop an appropriate response to the turbulence created by change and diversified customer expectations retain their sustainable competitive advantage. Especially with Covid19, Digital Transformation has emerged as an important element of pressure and necessity on the competitive advantage of businesses. Digital transformation refers to a radical change process from the way of doing business in the industry and the market to the nature of the interaction with internal and external customers. Digital transformation allows for meeting new expectations with new business processes and customer experiences with the opportunities offered by digital technologies. Although Digital transformation offers important competencies for businesses, it seems that SMEs, especially as important actors in the economy, lag behind large enterprises in the digital transformation process. This situation necessitates a detailed consideration of SMEs in the digital transformation process. This study aims to examine Digital Transformation in SMEs in detail. To achieve this, studies investigating digital transformation in SMEs and presenting empirical results were identified from various indexes (Ulakbim, Scopus, Web of Science, and Proquest). The studies were classified according to "author," "date of publication," "type of research," "sample," and "variables." The empirical evidence regarding the digital transformation process of SMEs is presented. The findings of the study are expected to contribute to the literature by presenting empirical studies on Digital Transformation in SMEs comprehensively. Additionally, it will increase awareness of the findings regarding the digital transformation process of SMEs, which are important actors in the economy.
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This survey is about recognizing patterns in the way Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) organize their procurement activities. The scope of the survey is limited to the key commodities of the SME.A key commodity is defined as the purchased product or service group which is essential for realizing the value proposition for the customers of the SME.Prior outcome of our research indicated the existence of four procurement oriented patterns in SMEs. 4 Procurement Oriented Patterns where part of the study: Pattern 1 Focal company: ICT turn-key designerValue proposition of the focal company: ICT Design and assembly of offices on a high quality level at a reasonable price. Operational excellence: standardization in commodities, low transaction costs internally and externallyPurchased key commodity: Standard ICT software and hardwarePattern 2 Focal company: Horse shoes manufacturerValue proposition of the focal company: Standard horse shoes assortment at reasonable prices in a competitive environmentPurchased key commodity: Standard quality iron, reliable deliveryPattern 3 Focal company: IT innovation driven companyValue proposition of the focal company: Developing innovative software made applicable for practical usage in devices at a reasonable pricePurchased key commodity: Delivering applicable solutions on the bases of regular soft- and hardware, to enable the companies’ innovative software function in practicePattern 4 Focal company: designer and manufacturer of trailersValue proposition of the focal company: Designing and manufacturing trailers tailor made for specific requirements of customersPurchased key commodity: Designing and manufacturing axles which align to the specific trailer wishes of the customer of the focal companyFINDINGS Pattern recognitionAbout 50 % of the respondents recognized the four presented patterns from own experience and/or read literature. Respondents also suggested pattern variants. It is concluded that this Delphi study strengthens the view that these patterns exist in SMEs. Further research may include further empirical testing of these patterns and their variants. Perceived strengths or weaknesses. Respondents mentioned a wide variety of strengths and weaknesses of the patterns. No clear conclusions can be drawn from this data. Adequacy of the pattern descriptions. One of the outcomes of this Delphi study is an improved conceptual framework for describing procurement activity patterns. This framework can be used for collecting SME data in future research, for example by modifying the existing survey questions which are used in the WIM research program to describe SME procurement activities. The improved model includes more variables and values than the initial model. Thus future research may lead to more detailed patterns descriptions. Missing patterns and pattern variantsApart from the suggested pattern variants, respondents do not miss patterns which are quite different from the four patterns suggested by the research team. Methodological remarksThe Delphi study method did not allow for fast feedback on panel member contributions and fast group think processes. For the future it is advised to consider other methods in similar cases, for example the World Cafe method.
Aims: identify and explain purchasing-oriented patterns in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) via case study research.Scope: Using a conceptual framework and empirical research this article proposes a series of purchasing-oriented patterns in SMEs. These patterns align activities to achieve the SMEs proposed value proposition towards customers and activities to purchase resources needed for realizing the value proposition.Structure: This paper introduces the research topic. It discusses a conceptual framework and theory. It then continues with the methodology to collect and analyse case study data and describes empirical finding. It discusses these findings related to the framework and literature and ends with summarizing first conclusions.Conclusion: The SMEs in the dataset use four types of purchasing-oriented patterns related to their customer value propositions These SMEs can strive for low transaction costs can but invest in extrinsic product attributes to realize their value proposition. Both the transaction cost theory and the resource based view help to explain the purchasing-oriented patterns. Further research is needed to strengthen and validate findings.
Kinderen met een autismespectrumstoornis (ASS) komen te vaak in de problemen in het onderwijs, waarbij een deel van de kinderen zelfs uit het onderwijs valt. Dit heeft mogelijkerwijs te maken met twee duidelijke knelpunten van het beleid van passend onderwijs. Ten eerste is passend onderwijs nog te veel een bestuurlijk construct en nauwelijks op het handelingsniveau van professionals gericht. Ten tweede vormen de grenzen van onderwijs en de jeugdhulpverlening nog te veel een belemmering om met vereende kracht leerlingen op maat te ondersteunen. Het op maat ondersteunen vraagt om een versteviging van vaardigheden van leerkrachten en jeugdhulpverleners om het welbevinden en leergedrag van ASS-leerlingen te stimuleren. Daarbij kunnen professionals elkaars expertise beter benutten om op deze manier samen in de klas op een talentgerichte wijze het welbevinden en leergedrag van leerlingen met ASS te ondersteunen. Het doel van deze aanvraag is het ontwikkelen van een bruikbaar prototype van een professionaliseringsaanbod voor leerkrachten en jeugdhulpverleners dat de vaardigheden die deze professionals in de klas nodig hebben versterkt, zodat leerlingen met ASS op een passende wijze ondersteund worden in hun leergedrag en welbevinden. Het consortium –bestaande uit leerkrachten uit het (speciaal) primair onderwijs, jeugdhulpverleners, gedragsdeskundigen – managers en onderzoekers, brengt via een ontwerponderzoek de behoeftes en benodigde vaardigheden in kaart en ontwikkelt ontwerpprincipes en een concept professionaliseringsaanbod. Dit concept is de basis van een professionaliseringsaanbod waarmee een bredere groep leerkrachten en jeugdhulpverleners tools krijgt om leerlingen met ASS effectief te ondersteunen. Het doel van deze aanvraag is in lijn met het landelijk beleid rondom passend onderwijs en de nationale wetenschapsagenda bij het thema ‘Jeugd in ontwikkeling, opvoeding en onderwijs’. Verbetering van het handelen van leerkrachten en jeugdhulpverleners in een integrale aanpak zorgt voor betere schoolresultaten, minder schooluitval en een betere communicatie tussen leerkrachten en hulpverleners en draagt bij aan een inclusieve maatschappij.
