As an alternative technique to traditional self-report questionnaire, electrodermal activity measurement can offer great accuracy in recording customers' moment-to-moment emotional arousal. The emergence of affordable and relatively accessible recording equipment has made such measurement frequent in tourism and hospitality studies in the past decade. However, electrodermal activity measurement entails comparatively strict rules and procedures. Violating these rules and procedures may mislead researchers when interpreting their findings and can compromise the validity of the results. This paper reviews 25 tourism and hospitality articles using electrodermal activity measurement to highlight key methodological issues. In so doing, the article provides guidelines for researchers adopting such measurement as an affective data collection tool in tourism and hospitality research in both laboratory and field.
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Gaming Horizons is a EU-funded project that explored the role of video games in culture, the economy and education. We engaged with more than 280 stakeholders through interviews, workshops and webinars.
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Background. A number of parenting programs, aimed at improving parenting competencies, have recently been adapted or designed with the use of online technologies. Although web-based services have been claimed to hold promise for parent support, a meta-analytic review of online parenting interventions is lacking. Method. A systematic review was undertaken of studies (n = 19), published between 2000 and 2010, that describe parenting programs of which the primary components were delivered online. Seven programs were adaptations of traditional, mostly evidencebased, parenting interventions, using the unique opportunities of internet technology. Twelve studies (with in total 54 outcomes, Ntot parents = 1,615 and Ntot children = 740) were included in a meta-analysis. Results. The meta-analysis showed a statistically signifi cant medium effect across parents outcomes (ES = 0.67; se = 0.25) and child outcomes (ES = 0.42; se = 0.15). Conclusions. The results of this review show that web-based parenting programs with new technologies offer opportunities for sharing social support, consulting professionals and training parental competencies. The metaanalytic results show that guided and self-guided online interventions can make a signifi cant positive contribution for parents and children. The relation with other metaanalyses in the domains of parent education and web-based interventions is discussed.
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