In dit artikel is het energieverbruik van adolescenten gedurende een schoolweek en een weekend in kaart gebracht. Hierbij is gebruik gemaakt van gecombineerde hartslag-versnellingsmeters. Doordat deelnemers gelijktijdig een beweegdagboek bij hebben gehouden kon ook de afzonderlijke bijdrage aan het totale energievebruik van lichamelijke opvoeding, actief transport naar school en sporten in de vrije tijd bepaald worden.
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I was somewhat surprized with the fog in Groningen upon my arrival. This is notthe fog that covers the beautiful landscapes of the northern Netherlands in theevening and in the early morning. No… It is the fog that obscures the real aspectsof the earthquake problem in the region and is crystallised in the phrase “Groningen earthquakes are different”, which I have encountered numerous times whenever I raised a question of the type “But why..?”. A sentence taken out of the quiver as the absolute technical argument which mysteriously overshadows the whole earthquake discussion.Q: Why do we not use Eurocode 8 for seismic design, instead of NPR?A: Because the Groningen earthquakes are different!Q: Why do we not monitor our structures like the rest of the world does?A: Because the Groningen earthquakes are different!Q: Why does NPR, the Dutch seismic guidelines, dictate some unusual rules?A: Because the Groningen earthquakes are different!Q: Why are the hazard levels incredibly high, even higher than most Europeanseismic countries?A: Because the Groningen earthquakes are different!and so it keeps going…This statement is very common, but on the contrary, I have not seen a single piece of research that proves it or even discusses it. In essence, it would be a difficult task to prove that the Groningen earthquakes are different. In any case it barricades a healthy technical discussion because most of the times the arguments converge to one single statement, independent of the content of the discussion. This is the reason why our first research activities were dedicated to study if the Groningen earthquakes are really different. Up until today, we have not found any major differences between the Groningen induced seismicity events and natural seismic events with similar conditions (magnitude, distance, depth, soil etc…) that would affect the structures significantly in a different way.Since my arrival in Groningen, I have been amazed to learn how differently theearthquake issue has been treated in this part of the world. There will always bedifferences among different cultures, that is understandable. I have been exposed to several earthquake engineers from different countries, and I can expect a natural variation in opinions, approaches and definitions. But the feeling in Groningen is different. I soon realized that, due to several factors, a parallel path, which I call “an augmented reality” below, was created. What I mean by an augmented reality is a view of the real-world, whose elements are augmented and modified. In our example, I refer to the engineering concepts used for solving the earthquake problem, but in an augmented and modified way. This augmented reality is covered in the fog I described above. The whole thing is made so complicated that one is often tempted to rewind the tape to the hot August days of 2012, right after the Huizinge Earthquake, and replay it to today but this time by making the correct steps. We would wake up to a different Groningen today. I was instructed to keep the text as well as the inauguration speech as simple aspossible, and preferably, as non-technical as it goes. I thus listed the most common myths and fallacies I have faced since I arrived in Groningen. In this book and in the presentation, I may seem to take a critical view. This is because I try to tell a different part of the story, without repeating things that have already been said several times before. I think this is the very reason why my research group would like to make an effort in helping to solve the problem by providing different views. This book is one of such efforts.The quote given at the beginning of this book reads “How quick are we to learn: that is, to imitate what others have done or thought before. And how slow are we to understand: that is, to see the deeper connections.” is from Frits Zernike, the Nobel winning professor from the University of Groningen, who gave his name to the campus I work at. Applying this quotation to our problem would mean that we should learn from the seismic countries by imitating them, by using the existing state-of-the-art earthquake engineering knowledge, and by forgetting the dogma of “the Groningen earthquakes are different” at least for a while. We should then pass to the next level of looking deeperinto the Groningen earthquake problem for a better understanding, and alsodiscover the potential differences.
Het project Wireless Sensor Technologie bij Calamiteiten is een samenwerkingsverband tussen Saxion, Thales Nederland (de dochterondernemingen D-CIS Lab en Iseti), Ambient Systems, Ti-WMC, het beveiligingsbedrijf Vigilat, het Regionaal Centrum Criminaliteitspreventie en Veiligheidsregio’s Twente, Noord en Oost Gelderland, Gelderland Midden en Zuid. Dit project wordt ondersteund door de Stichting Innovatie Alliantie (SIA) vanuit het RAAK MKB fonds. Binnen het werkpakket Proximity wordt onderzoek gedaan naar de stand van zaken van indoorlokalisatie. De motivatie voor dit deelproject komt voort uit het streven het risico voor de hulpverlener in actie te verminderen. Elke dag wagen brandweermannen hun leven bij het blussen van branden en het redden van mensen uit brandende gebouwen. Hierbij wil het wel eens gebeuren dat een brandweerman in problemen komt door de gevaarlijke en onoverzichtelijke situatie, de weg kwijtraakt of het contact verliest met zijn collega’s. Op zulke momenten is het moeilijk voor deze brandweerman om zijn collega’s te vinden en andersom is het moeilijk voor zijn collega’s om hem te vinden. Dit resulteert soms in de dood van een of meer brandweermannen. Daarom zal onderzocht worden welke rol technologie kan spelen om de veiligheid van een brandweermannen te verhogen bij de uitvoering van hun taak en wel voornamelijk door het realtime bepalen van zijn locatie en positie in een brandend gebouw. Allereerst zal het probleem behandeld worden, daarna wordt onderzocht welke technieken en technologie er beschikbaar zijn. Deze zullen gewaardeerd worden op basis van de praktijkcriteria: betrouwbaarheid, snelle operationele inzetbaarheid, nauwkeurigheid en kosten. Aan de hand daarvan wordt een onderzoeksvraag geformuleerd. Op basis van geschiktheid van de oplossingsrichtingen zal in het vervolg een prototype ontworpen en gebouwd worden.
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