From Science direct: One of the nanowires was covered with a 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate based compound to prevent hydrogen from reaching the wire. The compound was dried by a UV source and tested in chamber for comparison with previous measurements. The results shows that temperature effects can be reduced by a digital signal processing algorithm without measuring temperature near or at the substrate. With this method no additional temperature probes are necessary making this solution a candidate for ultra low power wireless applications.
MULTIFILE
from the article: The demand for a wireless CO2 solution is ever increasing. One of the biggest problems with the majority of commercial available CO2 sensors is the high energy consumption which makes them unsuitable for battery operation. Possible candidates for CO2 sensing in a low power wireless application are very limited and show a problematic calibration process. This study focuses on one of those EMF candidates, which is a Ag4RbI5 based sensor. This EMF sensor is based on the potentiometric principle and consumes no energy. The EMF cell was studied in a chamber where humidity, temperature and CO2 level could be controlled. This study gives an detailed insight in the different drift properties of the potentiometric CO2 sensor and a method to amplify the sensors signal. Furthermore, a method to minimize the several types of drift is given. With this method the temperature drift can be decreased by a factor 10, making the sensor a possible candidate for a wireless CO2 sensor network.
Wind and solar power generation will continue to grow in the energy supply of the future, but its inherent variability (intermittency) requires appropriate energy systems for storing and using power. Storage of possibly temporary excess of power as methane from hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide is a promising option. With electrolysis hydrogen gas can be generated from (renewable) power. The combination of such hydrogen with carbon dioxide results in the energy carrier methane that can be handled well and may may serve as carbon feedstock of the future. Biogas from biomass delivers both methane and carbon dioxide. Anaerobic microorganisms can make additional methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide in a biomethanation process that compares favourably with its chemical counterpart. Biomethanation for renewable power storage and use makes appropriate use of the existing infrastructure and knowledge base for natural gas. Addition of hydrogen to a dedicated biogas reactor after fermentation optimizes the biomethanation conditions and gives maximum flexibility. The low water solubility of hydrogen gas limits the methane production rate. The use of hollow fibers, nano-bubbles or better-tailored methane-forming microorganisms may overcome this bottleneck. Analyses of patent applications on biomethanation suggest a lot of freedom to operate. Assessment of biomethanation for economic feasibility and environmental value is extremely challenging and will require future data and experiences. Currently biomethanation is not yet economically feasible, but this may be different in the energy systems of the near future.
Zuyd University of Applied Sciences (ZUYD) and partners will develop photoflow chemistry reaction set-ups that will be powered with light as sustainable energy source, and as such contribute to the transition of the current chemical industry to a climate neutral one. To develop these reaction set-ups, a consortium of partners from the Dutch, Belgian and German chemical and high-tech ecosystems will cover all aspects related to required hardware, e.g. transparent reactors and energy-efficient light sources, automation and multiphase reactions. The mix of partners from academia (University of Amsterdam: the Noël group), an applied research organization (TNO), Center of Expertise CHILL, ZUYD, the Brightlands Chemelot Campus and multiple companies (Beartree Automation, Chemtrix, Creaflow, Ecosynth, De Heer, Innosyn, Mettler-Toledo, Peschl Ultraviolet and Swagelok Nederland) ensures an efficient and integrated development along technology readiness levels (TRL) ranging from two/three to five/six. Together we will answer the overarching question: With which advanced reaction set-up(s) can we efficiently perform and further optimize multiphase solution-based photochemical reactions that require gas and/or solid reagents, and efficiently showcase our capabilities? The development of the advanced reaction set-ups will allow us to answer our research question: How far can we extend the applicability of photoflow transformations beyond the current commercial state-of-the-art by the use of advanced reaction set-ups? Dissemination of several demonstrator transformations using our advanced set-ups will showcase capabilities of Light-Up partners and speed up the uptake of photoflow chemistry in industry. We will develop the next generation of advanced reaction set-ups for photoflow chemistry by combining the knowledge of the chemical and high-tech sectors, and facilitating knowledge exchange between sectors, to contribute to a climate neutral industry.
