RTK-GNSS (Real Time Kinematic - Global Navigation Satellite System) is based on a ‘rover’ GNSS antenna that receives error correction information from a ‘base’ GNSS antenna. While the rover can be placed on a robot to move around, the base station has the additional ‘knowledge’ of being stationary. Therefor it is able to recognize any measured motion, caused by atmospheric disturbances to the GNSS signals coming from satellites, as errors. Assuming the rover antenna is relatively close to the base station, comparable atmospheric effects can be assumed so the same error corrections can be applied to the rover antenna. This way, the relative position of the rover antenna with respect to the base station can be determined with sub-meter or even sub-decimeter accuracy.
MULTIFILE
In 2004 the report Intellectual capital of the European Union was published (Andriessen and Stam, 2004). This report provided insight in the value of the intellectual capital of the 15 countries of the European Union, in relationship to the goals set by the European Council in March 2000. Since this report, the EU grew from 15 to 27 countries and the Lisbon goals were reformulated in 2005. The aim of this paper is to repeat the measurement of the intellectual capital (IC) of the enlarged European Union (EU) in relationship to the new Lisbon goals. In order to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy, the EU decided to focus on “delivering stronger, lasting growth and creating more and better jobs” (CEC, 2005d, p.7). In this paper we translate this overall goal in 38 indicators. As the data was not available for all the new member states, we decided to limit our paper to the so-called EU-19. Based on our measurements we conclude that the EU-19 is still behind Japan and far behind the USA, however the EU is catching up as both Japan and the USA have considerably lower growth figures than the EU-19. From an IC perspective, the EU is geographically divided. The Nordic countries are still the best performing countries. The southern European countries and the new member states stay behind. However, as the new member states invest more in their IC, it might be expected that their positions will improve in the future. The aim of our paper was to measure the progress of the Lisbon Agenda for growth and jobs. Based on our measurements we conclude that the EU-19 is successful in terms of creating more and better jobs, but not successful in terms of delivering stronger, lasting growth.
This is the introduction to the special issue of World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development (WREMSD) dedicated to workplace innovation and social innovation related to work and organisation. As technological and business model innovations alone are not sufficient to enhance opportunities for businesses and employment, awareness is rising that better use should be made of human talents and new ways of organising and managing. In order to make working environments more receptive for innovation, and to enable people in organisations to take up an entrepreneurial role as intrapreneurs, a shift towards workplace innovation can be observed. Workplace innovation is complementary to technological and business model innovation, and a necessary ingredient for successful renewal, in that it addresses a type of management that seeks collaboration with employees through dialogue and employee engagement.
![Does Science-Fiction predict [or change] the future?](https://publinova-harvester-content-acc.s3.amazonaws.com/thumbnails/files/previews/pdf/20240409032611351692.adbf7edd-9619-4d0e-9a17-e0e7096adc7f-thumbnail-400x300.png)
